Використання систем електронних реєстрів при проведенні переписів населення
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31767/su.4(91)2020.04.04Ключові слова:
реєстр населення, реєстр адрес, ідентифікаційний код, система електронних інформаційних ресурсів, перепис населення, перепис житлового фонду.Анотація
Використання різноманітних адміністративних і статистичних електронних реєстрів під час проведення переписів населення й житла стає все більш застосованою технологією отримання статистичної та демографічної інформації, необхідної для прийняття обґрунтованих і своєчасних управлінських рішень на рівні держави, регіонів та територіальних громад. Цьому питанню приділяється усе більше уваги міжнародними організаціями (такими як Фонд народонаселення ООН, Європейська економічна комісія ООН, Євростат), статистичними офісами найбільш розвинених країн та науковцями. Проте доступні методологічні матеріали та публікації, особливо вітчизняних науковців, дають підстави зробити висновок, що це питання потребує поглибленого дослідження для впровадження у статистичну практику.
Метою статті є узагальнення міжнародного досвіду використання систем електронних реєстрів при проведенні переписів населення та житла у європейських країнах для урахування в українських реаліях.
У роботі наведено законодавство ЄС і розглянуто рекомендації міжнародних організацій щодо проведення перепису на основі реєстрів, підкреслюється необхідність запровадження унікальних ідентифікаторів для аутентифікації одиниць та зв’язування реєстрів. Для вивчення й узагальнення досвіду використання систем реєстрів під час проведення переписів розглянуто досвід двох європейських країн: Фінляндії та Естонії. Підкреслено, що Естонія, яка активно розпочала використовувати реєстри для потреб громадян та державного управління тільки на початку цього тисячоліття, може швидко наздогнати сусідню Фінляндію, що проводить переписи на основі реєстрів уже протягом декількох десятиліть.
Досвід розвинених країн може бути корисним українським статистикам при організації наступних переписів населення. Найближчий перепис ще не ґрунтуватиметься на інформації реєстрів, але якщо буде створено їх систему, зокрема повноцінний демографічний реєстр і реєстр адрес (будівель та житла), та розроблено методологічно обґрунтований план поступового запровадження реєстрів для отримання необхідної інформації про населення, то таке завдання є здійсненим.
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Посилання
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36. Piarly, M. (2020). Novyy registr stroeniy perevedet vsyu nedvizhimost v Estonii v trekhmernuyu model [The new building register will transform all real estate in Estonia into a 3D model]. Internet-portal ERR. rus.err.ee. Retrieved from https://rus.err.ee/1031356/novyj-registr-stroenij-perevedet-vsju-nedvizhimost-v-jestonii-v-trehmernuju-model [in Russian].
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2. Schulte Nordholt, E. (2018). The usability of administrative data for register-based censuses. Statistical Journal of the IAOS, 34, 4, 487–498. Retrieved from https://content.iospress.com/articles/statistical-journal-of-the-iaos/sji180425
3. Overview of the 2010 round of population and housing censuses in the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe region. (2012). Economic Commission for Europe. Conference of European Statisticians. Sixtieth plenary session. Paris, 6–8 June 2012. ECE/CES/2012/42/Rev.1. Retrieved from https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/stats/documents/ece/ces/2012/42Rev1.pdf
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13. Sariohlo, V. H. (2019). Prykladni aspekty vykorystannia velykykh danykh dlia rozviazannia okremykh problem statystyky [Applied aspects of big data using to solve certain statistics problems]. Proceedings from New Sources and Methods of Data Dissemination in Statistics: XVII Mizhnarodna nauk.-prakt. konf. z nahody Dnia pratsivnykiv statystyky (5 hrudnia 2019 roku) – XVII International Scientific and Practical Conference on the Occation of the Day of Statistics. (pp. 67–69). Kyiv: DP “Inform.-analit. ahentstvo” [in Ukrainian].
14. Yildiz, D., Smith, P. W. F. (2015). Models for Combining Aggregate-Level Administrative Data in the Absence of a Traditional Census. Journal of Official Statistics, 31 (3), 431–451. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281812780_Models_for_Combining_Aggregate-Level_Administrative_Data_in_the_Absence_of_a_Traditional_Census
15. Valente, P. (2011). Kak perepisuvaiut naselenie v evropeiskikh stranakh v 2010 hodu [How to census the population in European countries in 2010]. Etnolohicheskii monitorinh perepisi naseleniia [Ethnological Monitoring of Population Census]. V. V. Stepanov (Ed.). Moscow: IEA RAN. Retrieved from http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2012/0531/analit03.php [in Russian].
16. Poulain, M., & Herm, A. (2013). Central Population Registers as a Source of Demographic Statistics in Europe. Population, Vol. 68, Issue 2, 183–212. Retrieved from https://www.cairn-int.info/article-E_POPU_1302_0215--central-population-registers-as-a-source.htm
17. Brown, J. J. (2015). Future Models for Population Census: Can We Have an Administrative Based Census Without a Population Register? Statystyka Ukrainy – Statistics of Ukraine. 3. 45–50.
18. Puur, A., Sakkeus, L., & Aben, S. (2013). Development of a register-based population and housing census (REGREL) methodology. Project Final Report. Ernst & Young Baltic AS, Estonian Institute of Demography. TU. Tallinn. Retrieved March 04, 2020 from http://www.stat.ee/regrel
19. Bakhmetova, H. Sh., & Isupov, A. A. (1999). Rehistr naseleniia kak sistema demohrafycheskoho ucheta. Voprosy Statistiki, 5, 33–40 [in Russian].
20. Vassenden, K. (2007). Priamaia peredacha dannykh iz rehistra naseleniia natsionalnoi statisticheskoi sluzhbe. Opyt Tsentralnoho statisticheskoho biuro Norvehii. Voprosy Statistiky, 7, 10–22. Retrieved from http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2008/0335/analit03.php [in Russian].
21. Regulation (EC) No 763/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 July 2008 on population and housing censuses. Official Journal of the European Union. eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:218:0014:0020:EN:PDF
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23. EU legislation on the 2011 Population and Housing Censuses. Explanatory Notes. (2011). Eurostat. Methodologies and Working papers. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/3859598/5916677/KS-RA-11-006-EN.PDF/5bec0655-4a55-466d-9a00-fabe83d54649?version=1.0
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25. Myrskylä, P. More than 250 years of population censuses. (2011). www.stat.fi. Retrieved from https://www.stat.fi/tup/vl2010/art_2011-03-18_001_en.html
26. From a traditional census towards a register-based census in Finland. (2006). Economic Commission for Europe. Conference of European Statistics. Fifty-fourth plenary session. Paris, 13–15 June 2006. ECE/CES/2006/SP/4. unstats.un.org. Retrieved from https://unstats.un.org/unsd/censuskb20/Attachments/2006FIN_CES-GUID90c8103fb7e64cbca67fd44d37fd42ab.pdf
27. Nieminen, J. (2016) The Integrated production of Population Statistics in Finland. ESSnet VIP Admin on the Quality of Multisource Statistics (21–22 April, 2016, Budapest). Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cros/content/integrated-production-population-statistics-finland_en
28. Population Information System. Digital and Population Data Service Agency. dvv.fi. Retrieved from https://dvv.fi/en/population-information-system
29. The Business Information System (BIS). Finish Patent and Registration Office. www.prh.fi. Retrieved from https://www.prh.fi/en/kaupparekisteri/rekisterointipalvelut/ytj.html
30. Sistema hosudarstvennykh rehistrov [System of State Registers]. Retrieved from http://www.myshared.ru/slide/634567/ [in Russian].
31. Kalja, A., Reitsakas, A., & Saard, N. (2005). eGovernment in Estonia: Best Practices. Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (31 July – 4 August 2005). Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1509730
32. Kuhel, M. (02.05.2011). Vlast-nevidimka. Ogoniok, 17, 18. Retrieved from https://www.kommersant.ru/ogoniok/61532 [in Russian].
33. Martynovych, D. (2019). Elektronnoe golosovanie, meditsina, bank, podpisi dokumentov – kak eto realizovano v Estonii? Sait Internet-proekta IT-woman. it-woman.net. Retrieved from https://it-woman.net/e-estonia/ [in Russian].
34. Population Register. (2020). Republic of Estonia Ministry of the Interior. www.siseministeerium.ee. Retrieved from https://www.siseministeerium.ee/en/population-register
35. Registers. (2015). Research and Development. National Institute for Health Development. www.tai.ee. Retrieved from https://www.tai.ee/en/r-and-d/registers
36. Piarly, M. (2020). Novyy registr stroeniy perevedet vsyu nedvizhimost v Estonii v trekhmernuyu model [The new building register will transform all real estate in Estonia into a 3D model]. Internet-portal ERR. rus.err.ee. Retrieved from https://rus.err.ee/1031356/novyj-registr-stroenij-perevedet-vsju-nedvizhimost-v-jestonii-v-trehmernuju-model [in Russian].
37. Guidelines on the use of registers and administrative data for population and housing censuses. (2018). United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. ECE/CES/STAT/2018/4. Retrieved from https://unece.org/DAM/stats/publications/2018/ECECESSTAT20184.pdf
38. The project for developing the methodology of register-based censuses in Estonia. Note by Statistics Estonia. (2014). Economic Commission for Europe. Conference of European Statisticians. Group of Experts on Population and Housing Censuses, organized jointly with Eurostat. Sixteenth Meeting. Geneva, 23–26 September 2014. ECE/CES/GE.41/2014/16. www.unece.org. Retrieved from https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/stats/documents/ece/ces/ge.41/2014/mtg1/WP16_s3_Estonia.pdf
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Опубліковано
2020-12-31
Як цитувати
Puhachova, M. V. ., Gladun, O. M. ., & Vynohradova, M. V. . (2020). Використання систем електронних реєстрів при проведенні переписів населення. Статистика України, 91(4), 32–44. https://doi.org/10.31767/su.4(91)2020.04.04
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